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;d[4 g]kfnsf nflu gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] dxTj

8]gdfs{sf] sf]kgx]ug hnafo' kl/jt{g ;Dd]ng:

gljs/0fLo pmhf{, hnjfo' kl/jt{g / jftfj/0fLo ;d:of, oL tLg} kIf Ps csf{aLr cToGt 3lgi6 / cGt/;DalGwt 5g\ . zfob o;} eP/ xf]nf pmhf{ljb\ tyf jftfj/0fljb\x?nfO{ ;a}eGbf a9L dgkg]{ zAb, k|of]u ug]{ zAb x'g'sf] ;fy} sdfO{ vfg] ef+8f] klg ePsf] 5 . oL tLg} j6f zAbx? Ps csf{sf kof{ojfrL g eP klg oL zAbx?sf hfn´]ndf ;DalGwt lj1x?nfO{ km:g :jR5 ljsf; ;+oGq ;DaGwL kl/of]hgfn] emg dnhn yKg] sfd ul//x]sf] x'G5 . xfn} ;g\ @))( sf] & b]lv !* l8;]Da/;Dd ;DkGg ePsf] 8]gdfs{sf] sf]kgx]ugdf hnafo' kl/jt{g ;DalGw ;Dd]ngn] oL zAbx?nfO{ emg pTs;{df k'¥ofO{ lbPsf] 5 eGg' cltZoo'lQm x'g] 5}g . ;'Ggdf cfPsf 5g\ sL pQm ;Dd]ngdf ljZjel/sf !(@ b]zx?jf6 nueu !%))) k|ltlgwLx? efu lnPsf lyP . pSt ;Dd]ngdf efu lng] ;a} k|ltlgwLx? / efu lng] b]zx?sf] ;‘Vof af6 cf};t ;+Vof lgsfNg] xf] eg] hDdf &( k|ltlglwx?sf] ;+Vof k|To]s b]zaf6 x'g cf‘p5 . t/ pSt ;Dd]ngdf g]kfn h:tf] :ffgf] d'n'saf6 dfq} em08} ^)) k|ltlglwx? efu lnPsf lyP . k|To]s b]zaf6 efu lng] cf};t ;+Vofsf] k|ltlglwx? eGbf xfd|f] b]z af6 * u'0ff a9L k|ltlgwLx? efu lnPsf 5g\ . o;/L xfd|f] b]zaf6 rflxg] eGbf al9 k|ltlgwLx? efu lnP jfkt xfd|f] b]zn] * u'0ff al9 ;'lawf kfpg] xf] sL < olb o;f] xf] eg] c? yk k|ltlglwx? efu lnPsf] eP a]z} x'GYof] ls Û

t/ oxfF k|Zg s] p7\5 eg] s] ;a} efu lng] k|ltlglwx? pQm ljifosf ljz]if1 g} lyP t < cyjf efu lng] ;a} k|ltlglwx? clgjfo{ ?kdf hfg}kg]{ lyof] t < olb ;a} k|ltlglwx? ;DalGwt ljifosf lj1 jf hfg}kg]{ g} lyof] eg] t ;fx|} /fd|f] xf], xf]Og eg] /fi6«sf] 9's'6Lsf] b'?Kof]u ePsf] xf]Og / < To;} u/L sf]kgx]ug ;Dd]ngs}nflu sfnfkTy/df dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7s u/]/ x]lnsk6/jf6 cfk"m ;lxt cfkmgf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;d]t cUnf cUnf lxdfnx? ;o/ u/fP/ s/f]8f}+ ?k}of l;WofO{ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfn] lt/]sf] s/sf] k};fdf gfª\uf] gfr u/]sf xf]Og / < xfd|f] b]zsf] ;DalGwt lgsfosf cu'jfx?nfO{ b]zsf] clt bogLo ca:yf k|lt s]xL lrGtf jf rf;f] 5 ls 5}g < o; k|Zgsf] hjfa cfh cfd g]kfnLn] vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ .

g]kfn h:tf] u/La b]z hxfF pmhf{sf] oqf] ;+s6 5 , ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfx? b}lgs !^ 306f;Dd nf]8;]l8Ësf] df/ v]lk/x]sf 5g\ . pSt ;Dd]ngaf6 s]lx gLlt kfl/t eO{ kfpg'kg]{ ;'lawf kfO{ pmhf{ ;+s6sf] ;d:of clnslt eP klg ;dfwfg cyjf Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;lsof] eg] oqf] ^)) eGbfa9L k|ltlgwLx? efu lnPsf] plrt ;flat x'G5 , xf]Og eg] s/f]8f}+ ?k}oFfsf] b'?Kof]u dfq} ePsf] xf]nf . pQm ;Dd]ngdf efu lngsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] s/f]8f}} ?k}oFf vr{ u/]sf] 5 . olb ToxL ?k}oFf s'g} j}slNks pmhf{ kl/of]hgfdf nufPsf] eP cjZo klg pmhf{ ;+s6df Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;lsGYof] xf]nf . o;df s;}sf] klg b'O{ dt x'g ;Sb}g .

ljZjdf c? b]zsf] t'ngfdf g]kfn sfa{g pT;h{g sd ug]{ d'n's xf] . t/ o;af6 kg{] gsf/fTds k|efadf a/fa/L ;f´]bf/L eO{/x]sf] 5 . To;sf] Ifltk"lt{ :j?k kfpg'kg]{ ;'lawf af/] hDaf] k|ltlglwsf] 6f]nLn] cfjfh p7fO{ sf]kgx]ug ;Dd]ngnaf6 s]xL gLlt kfl/t u/fpg ;lsof] / To:sf] k|ltkmn xfd|f] b]zsf] pmhf{ ;+s6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{df k|of]u eof] eg] s]xL ;xof]u x'g ;S5 , xf]Og eg] hDaf] k|ltlglwsf] 6f]nL uPsf] s'g} dxTj /xb}g\ .   

gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] dxTj:

dfgj hLjgdf pmhf{sf] slt dxTj 5 eGg] s'/f s;}n] elg /fVg' kb}{g, cfkm}n] dgg u/] k'U5 . Go"gtd cfjZostf b]lv lnP/ ljnfl;tf cfjZostf ;Ddsf] s'g} klg ;fwg k|of]u pmhf{ ljgf x'g ;Sb}g . elgG5 h'g b]z jf JolQmn] a9L pmhf{ pkef]u u5{ , Tof] b]z / JolQm Tolt wgLdf ulgG5 . wgL / u/La b]zsf] ;"rs klg pmhf{ pkef]uaf6 lgsfNg ;lsG5 . ;+;f/df pmhf{sf] ;|f]t l;ldt dfqfdf /x]sf 5g\ / hg;+Vofsf] a[l4sf] cg'kft klg lbgfg'lbg a9\g] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ pmhf{sf] vkt klg lbgfg'lbg a9\g] s'/fdf s'g} z+sf x'g ;Sb}g . o;/L pmhf{sf] vkt lbgfg'lbg a9\b} uPdf eljZodf ljZjdf pmhf{sf] yk ;+s6 gxf]nf eGg ;lsb}g .

g]kfn hn;|f]tsf] b[li6n] a|flhnkl5 ljZjsf] ;aeGbf wgL /fi6« eP/ klg pmhf{ ;+s6df klxnf] :yfg lnPsf] s'/f lttf] oyfy{nfO{ gsfg{ ;lsGg\ . xfd|f] b]zdf hn;|f]taf6 *#,))) d]ufjf6 lah'nL lgsfNg] Ifdtf dWo] k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fsn] $#,))) d]ufjf6 lah'nL lgsfNg ;Sg] Ifdtf eP klg xfn;Dd nueu ^%) d]ufjf6 ljB't dfq pTkfbg e}/x]sf] 5 . To;df klg k|fljlws sf/0fa; pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] krf; k|ltzt dfq} ljB't pTkfbg e}/x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf ;a{k|yd ;g\ !(!! df /f0ff k|wfgdGqL rGb|;dz]/sf] kfnfdf kmlk{Ë hnljB't kl/of]hgfaf6 %)) lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] ljB't pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] eg] To;sf] nueu Ps ztfJbL kl5 klg yk s]lx pTkfbg Ifdtf a9]sf] ePtf klg To:fnfO{ ;Gtf]ifhgs dfGg ;lsg] ca:yf eg] 5}g . ljB't pTkfbg Tolts}df l;ldt x'g'sf] sf/0f s] xf] t < To;sf] sf/0f vf]Hb} hfg] xf] eg] kSs} klg oyfl:ytLjfbL ;f]r / e|i6frf/ k|d'v sf/0f /x]sf]df s'g} z+sf 5}g . clxn] klg g]kfnnfO{ ;‘flRrs} gofF g]kfn agfpg] xf] eg] ;DalGwt lgsfosf cu'jfx?sf] ;f]rdf kl/jt{g x'g' clt cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 .   

goFf cfljisf/ / k|of]u:

xfnsf] ljBdfg ljB't ;+s6nfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug{ lskmfotL ljB'tLo pks/0fx? klg k|of]udf Nofpg' kg]{ cfjZotf b]lvPsf] 5 . k|To]s 3/ / sfof{nodf CF Lamp k|of]u ug'{sf] ;fy} cfw'lgs k|efjsf/L 6«flkms ljB'tLo k|0ffnL klg k|of]udf Nofpg' kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPsf] 5 . h;df Multi Color Light Emitting Diode (LED lamp) k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . Pp6} LED Lamp n] tLg} j6f /+usf] aQL aNg] k|0ffnLsf] cfljisf/ eO;s]sf / ljsl;t b]zx?df k|of]udf klg cfO;s]sf 5g\ . h;af6 ljB'tsf] vktdf lgs} sld x'g'sf] ;fy} aQLx? ˆo"h eP/ ;do ;dodf abNg' kg]{ ;d:ofaf6 klg d'lQm kfpF5 / nfut vr{df klg sdL Nofpg ;lsG5 .

To;f] t xfn ljBdfg pmhf{ ;+s6nfO{ /ftf/ft xn ug{ g;lsP klg gljs/0fLo pmhf{ k|of]u u/]/ s]xL dfqfdf ljB'tLo ;+s6 Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . h:fdf ;f}o{ pmhf{, jfo' pmhf{, jfof]la|s]6, jfof]UoFf; h:tf cflb gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf ;|f]tx? k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsG5 . h'g :jR5 pmhf{ x'g'sf] ;fy} jftfj/0fd}qL klg dflgG5 . xfd|f] b]z ;f}o{ pmhf{sfnflu clt pko'Qm cfIffFz / b]zfGt/df klg k5{ hxfF nueu #)) eGbf a9L lbgx?df ;"o{sf] ls/0f kg]{ ub{5 / ;f}o{ ljlss/0f klg k|z:q} dfqfdf kg]{ u/]sf] 5 . ;f}o{ pmhf{n] s'g} lsl;dsf] k|b"if0f klg ub}{g / o;sf pks/0fx? h8fg ug{ klg ;/n / ;'ne x'G5 .  

gjLs/0fLo pmhf{df gf:6sf] pknlJw:

g]kfn lj1fg tyf k|lalw k|1f k|lti7fg -gf:6_ n] cfkm\gf] :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} gljs/0fLo pmhf{df cWoog cg';Gwfg hf/L /fv]sf] 5 . t/ gf:6sf] sfo{qmdsf] cg';/0f u/]/ c? ;+3;+:yfx? w]/} cufl8 al9;s]sf 5g\ eg] gf:6sf] pSt sfo{s|dx?n] ck]lIft ult lng ;ls/x]sf] 5}g\ . To;sf] sf/0f s] xf]nf t < pQ/ vf]Hg] a]nf cfO;s]sf] 5 . gf:6n] cGt{/fli6«o ;+3;+:yfx? h:t} g]8f], ;f]jf;]n / hfO{sfl;t ;xsfo{ u/L gljs/0fLo pmhf{df cWoog cg';Gwfg u/] klg lg/Gt/tf lng ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . To;sf] klg sf/0f vf]Hg] a]nf cfO;s]sf] 5 .

g]kfnd} klxnf]k6s bfªsf] cDafk'/df !=$ lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] ;f]nf/af6 kfgL tfGg] k|0ffnL h8fg u/L ;j{;fwf/0fsf]nflu vfg]kfgL ljt/0f u/]sf] ePtf klg plrt ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf] cefjn] clxn] To;sf] cjz]if klg km]nf kfg{ ufx|f] e};s]sf] 5 . To;} u/L ls{ltk'/sf] ;'Gb/L3f6sf] $ lsnf]jf6 Ifdtf ePsf] ;f}o{ pmhf{af6 kfgL tfGg] k|0ffnLsf] klg plrt ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug{ g;lsPs} sf/0fn] To; 7fpFaf6 gf:6sf] d'Vo ejgdf ;f/L cGo pb]Zosf] lgldt k|of]u eO{/x]sf] 5 . To:t} eQmk'/sf] af]8] l:yt tTsflng ;fpy Pl;ofs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] Ifdtf ePsf] $) lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] ;f}o{ pmhf{af6 kfgL tfGg] k|0ffnLsf] cj:yf klg lh0f{ x'Fb} uO{/x]sf] 5 / ;dod} plrt kfOnf g rfNg] xf] eg] lt k|0ffnLx? h:t} cj:yfdf g k'Unf eGg ;lsGg .

To:f} u/L ljZjsf] cUnf] :yfg %)%) ld6/ prfO{df cjl:yt ;f]n'v'De'sf] nf]Aa'r]df /x]sf] lKf/fld8 k|of]uzfnfdf ljleGg gljs/0fLo pmhf{x? h:t} ;f}o{ pmhf{, hn pmhf{,  jfo' pmhf{ h:tf cGo gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf ;|f]tx? ljleGg j}1flgs pks/0f ;Grfngdf k|of]u eO{/x]sf 5g .  h;df % lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] ;f}o{ pmhf{ , * lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] hn pmhf{ , # lsnf]jf6 Ifdtfsf] jfo' pmhf{ h:tf cflb /x]sf 5g\ . t/ pSt k|of]uzfnfsf] klg plrt ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ;dod} ug{ g;lsPdf / ;DalGwt lj1x?nfO{ pSt k|of]uzfnfdf h8fg ePsf ljleGg ljB'tLo ;|f]tx? Aff/] hfgsf/L , cWoog tyf tflnd g u/fP c? k|0ffnLx?sf] h:t} cj:yfdf g k'Unf eGg ;LsGg\ . t/ b'MvnfUbf] s'/f s] 5 eg] o; k|of]uzfnfsf] e|d0f 6f]nLdf ;DalGwt j}1flgs jf k|flalwsx? eGbf klg cGo AolQmx?nfO{ 3'd3fd ug{ k7fpg] ul/Psf] lttf] oyfy{ /x]sf] 5 . o:fdf ;'wf/ x'g' cfjZos  b]lvG5 .